What keeps it from overheating is a properly sized radiator and oil cooler. A thermostat only helps from overcooling. Most of us don't have an actual coolant temp readout, but if either the CHT or the oil temp gets close to the redline, you have a problem and need to figure out the cause. Most likely an airflow restriction thru the radiator/cooler, a partially clogged radiator/cooler, a kinked oil line, a collapsed radiator hose, low coolant/oil level. Its pretty rare for a coolant pump to completely fail; usually the seals go bad first and you will notice leakage and loss of coolant.